rebbi

39436 occurrences across the corpus

The Jerusalem Talmud

Rebbi Eleazar said, παρά βασιλέως ‘ο νόμος ʼάγραφος. Usually in the world a king of flesh and blood decides a decision. If he desires it, he keeps it. If he desires it, others keep it. But the Holy One, praise to Him, is not so but if He decides a decision He keeps it first. What is the reason? They have to keep My watch, I am the Eternal, I am He Who keeps the commandments of the Torah first. Rebbi Simon said, it is written, before white hairs you have to stand, and honor the presence of an elderly person, and to fear your God, I am the Eternal. I am He Who first stood before an elderly person. Rebbi Simon said, it is written: for who is a great people which has just laws and ordinances, etc. <For who is this great people that has God close to it.> Rebbi Ḥama ben Rebbi Ḥanina and Rebbi Hoshaia. One said, is there a people like this people? Usually in the world a person who knows that he will stand in trial dresses in black, wears black headdress, and lets his beard grow, since he does not know how his trial will end. But Israel are not so, but they wear white, wear white headdress, cut their beard, eat, and drink, and are happy. They know that the Holy One, praise to Him, will perform wonders for them. But the other one said, is there a people like this people? Usually in the world if the ruler says, the trial is today, but the robber says, tomorrow is the trial, whom does one listen to, not the ruler? But the Holy One, praise to Him, is not like this. If the Court said, today is New Year’s Day, the Holy One, praise to Him, says to the angels of service, put up the dais, [summon defenders, summon accusers, for My children said that today is New Year’s Day.] If the Court took counsel to transfer it to the next day, the Holy One, praise to Him, says to the angels of service, remove the dais, remove the defenders, remove the accusers, for My children took counsel to transfer to tomorrow. What is the reason? Certainly, it is a rule for Israel, a law of the God of Jacob. If it is not a rule for Israel, so to speak it is not a law for the God of Jacob. Rebbi Crispus in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: In the past, the festive times of the Eternal, from then and onwards which You shall declare. Rebbi Ila said, if you declare them they are My festive times, otherwise they are not My festive times. Rebbi Simon said, it is written, great things You did, You, Eternal my God, Your wonders and intentions regarding us. In the past, great things You did; from then onwards, Your wonders and intentions regarding us. Rebbi <Joshua ben> Levi said, a parable of a king who had a watch; when his son came of age, he handed it to him. Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina said, a parable of a king who had a watch-box; when his son came of age, he handed it to him. Rebbi Aḥa said, a parable of a king who had a ring; when his son came of age, he handed it to him. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, a parable of a carpenter who had carpenter’s tools; when his son came of age, he handed them to him. Rebbi Isaac said, a parable of a king who had treasures; when his son came of age, he handed them to him. But the rabbis say, a parable of a healer who had a box of medicines; when his son came of age, he handed it to him.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:27

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:28

“And on New Year’s Day all in the world pass before Him like bene maron”. Rebbi Aḥa said, like those led into the corral. But the rabbis are saying, like (in a legion.) What is the reason?, Who creates together their hearts, Who understands all their deeds. Rebbi Levi said, He Who created together their hearts already understood all their deeds. Rebbi Eleazar said, usually in the world what is easier for the potter, to make a hundred flasks or to look at them? Not to look at them? Rebbi Berekhiah said, their creator wants that their hearts be alone to him. Rebbi Abun said, the One Who is unique in His world already understood all their deeds.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:28

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:29

“And on Tabernacles they are judged about water.” The Mishnah is Rebbi Aqiba’s, since Rebbi Aqiba said the pouring of water is a word of the Torah: On the second day and their libations. On the sixth say, and its libations. On the seventh day, and its rules. מ י מ “water”. The Torah said, bring first-fruit barley on Passover that your grain be blessed; bring first-fruit wheat on Pentecost that your tree fruits be blessed. Therefore say, water libation on Tabernacles that your water be blessed. Rebbi Simeon ben Yoḥai stated: If Israel were acceptable on New Year’s Day and ample rain was decided for them, but in the end they sinned. To reduce it is impossible [since the decision had been rendered.] What does the Holy One, praise to Him, do? He disperses it into oceans, deserts, and rivers, so that the earth have no benefit from it. What is the reason? To let rain on manless earth, desert no human in it. If Israel were not acceptable on New Year’s Day and scarce rain was decided for them, but in the end they repented. To augment it is impossible [since the decision had been rendered.] What does the Holy One, praise to Him, do? He brings it down appropriately for the land and blows dew and winds so that the earth benefit from it. What is the reason? Its furrows make fertile, bring down its bundles, make it fat by soft rains, bless its growth. Aridity, also heat, will steal the snow waters; they sinned to the pit. The sins which they committed during the summer robbed them of the snow waters. It is written: Always the eyes of the Eternal, your God, are on it, from the start of the year. Cahana said, it is written “from poverty.” He lets it suffer at the beginning and gives it a good future at the end.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:29

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:32

Did they not already go for Elul? But to announce that the new Moon has been sanctified. Rebbi Joshua ben Levi said, I am a guarantor for those who go to Nemurin that none of them will die when going. There they were concerned about the Great Fast two days. Rav Ḥisda told them, why do you bring yourselves into this serious doubt? The presumption is that the Court will not tarry in this matter. The father of Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac was concerned for himself and fasted two days. His intestine split and he died.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:32

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:33

MISHNAH: For two months one desecrates the Sabbath, for Nisan and for Tishre, when messengers go out into Syria and which fix the holidays. When the Temple existed one did desecrate for all of them because of the regulation of the sacrifice. Whether it was seen clearly or not seen clearly one desecrates the Sabbath for it. Rebbi Yose said, if it was seen clearly one does not desecrate the Sabbath for it. It happened that more than 40 couples passed by and Rebbi Aqiba held them back in Lydda. Rabban Gamliel sent to him, if you hinder the public you will make them stumble in the future.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:33

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:35

“It happened that more than 40 couples passed by and Rebbi Aqiba held them back in Lydda.” Because they are 40 couples. But if it had been a single couple he would not have held them back.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:36

“Rabban Gamliel sent to him, if you hinder the public you will make them stumble in the future.” Would you not hinder the public from performing a meritorious act? And any who would hinder the public from performing a meritorious act must be excommunicated. Rebbi Jehudah the baker said, Heaven forbid that Rebbi Aqiba was excommunicated; but it was the head of Gader; Rabban Gamliel sent and removed him from his headship.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:36

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:37

MISHNAH: A father and son who saw the new moon should go; not that they could combine one with the other but that if one of them should be found disqualified the second one could team up with another person. Rebbi Simeon says, a father and his son and all relatives are qualified for the testimony of the new moon. Rebbi Yose said, it happened that that Tobias the healer saw the new moon in Jerusalem, he and his son and his freed slave. The Cohanim accepted him and his son and disqualified his slave; but when he came to the Court they accepted him and his slave but disqualified his son.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:37

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:38

HALAKHAH: Rebbi Simeon’s reason: As at its start. The Eternal said to Moses and Aaron … This month be for you the first of months.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:44

“Dealers in sabbatical produce.” “Who is a dealer in sabbatical produce? One who sits idle all the years of a sabbatical cycle. As soon as the sabbatical year starts, be becomes active and trades in forbidden produce. One does not accept them before another sabbatical year starts and he can be checked out that he repented in complete repentance.” It was stated: Rebbi Yose says, two sabbatical periods. “Rebbi Nehemiah says, repentance in money, not repentance in words; that he say to them, here are denars, distribute them to the poor, for I earned them from forbidden produce.” They added shepherds, extortioners, and any who are suspect in money matters, that their testimony be invalid. Rebbi Abbahu said, only shepherds of small animals.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:44

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:45

Rav Huna said: Who is the Tanna of “participants in pigeon contests”? Rebbi Eliezer, as we have stated there: “Two in the name of Rebbi Eliezer. A woman may go out with a city of gold, and participants in pigeon contests are disqualified from testimony.” Rebbi Mana said before Rebbi Yose: Is the entire statement in Sanhedrin Rebbi Eliezer’s? He told him, it is everybody’s opinion. What means “it is everybody’s opinion”? So said Rebbi Yose: We knew that he was disqualified for testimony in money matters. What does he come to testify about? For as he is disqualified in money matters, so he is disqualified to testify in criminal trials. The witnesses for the New Moon are held to the standards of criminal trials, as we have stated: “any testimony for which a woman is not qualified, they are not qualified.” Who stated this? The rabbis! Do the rabbis follow Rebbi Eliezer? They agree with him and disagree with him. Rebbi Jonah in the name of Rav Huna: It follows Rebbi Eliezer in everything. It turns out that this disagreement parallels another disagreement, as it was stated: “A perjured witness is disqualified for any and all testimony required by the Torah, the words of Rebbi Meïr. Rebbi Yose said, when? If he was found perjured in criminal matters. But if he was found perjured in money matters, he is suspect in money matters and disqualified in money matters.” It turns out that Rebbi Yose parallels the rabbis and Rebbi Meïr Rebbi Eliezer.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:45

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:47

HALAKHAH: Rebbi Isaac said, the Torah uses any expression. And the man looked confidently at her. “Any amphora which contains two seah.” “If they are fearful.”

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:49

Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish asked, does cutting the `omer during daytime push aside the Sabbath? Rebbi Abbai objected, did we not state, “its obligation is to harvest during nighttime. If it was cut during daytime it is qualified and pushes the Sabbath aside.” But he did not accept it. Rebbi Aḥa said, Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish changed his opinion about this. “After nightfall he says to them, did the sun set? They say, yes. Did the sun set? They say, yes.” Where do we hold? If about nighttime, that already was said. But if it does not refer to nighttime, let it refer to daytime; it is a matter that pushes aside the Sabbath during daytime. Do the preparations push aside the Sabbath during nighttime? Did we not state, “they made the maker of pan-baked breads make pan-baked breads.” Explain it, on a weekday. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ada stated, “this is the daily order of service of our God’s Temple,” whether on a weekday or a Sabbath. But did we not state, “they harvested it and put it in boxes, brought it to the Temple courtyard, and were parching it in fire to fulfill the commandment of roasting, [the words of Rebbi Meïr. Rebbi Yose says], since he started the meritorious work, one tells him to complete it.” Rebbi Judah from Kappadokia objected before Rebbi Yose: Think of it, if it came from storage. Since he started the meritorious work, there is no reason to tell him to complete it. Rebbi Jacob bar Sosai objected, did we not state, “for on a distance of walking a night and a day one desecrates the Sabbath and goes for testimony of the new moon”? He said to them, since the daytime needs the nighttime and the nighttime needs the daytime, it is as if it were all daytime. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, is it not sanctified retroactively? Since it is sanctified retroactively there is no difference between day and night.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:49

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:2

HALAKHAH: “If they do not know him,” etc. Rebbi Jonah said, so should the Mishnah be stated: Originally one accepted testimony about the new moon from everybody. If they do not know him, one sends another one with him to testify about him. Rebbi Yose said, even as in the Mishnah it is acceptable: If they do not know him, one sends another one with him to testify about him. Why? Because originally one accepted testimony about the new moon from anybody. May a single witness be believed? They gave you from your own. It should be logical that no witnesses should be needed. But they said that witnesses were needed, and they said that a single witness may be believed.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:2

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:3

Could one witness be believed as two? How is this? If there were two, one whom everybody knows and one whom nobody knows, except that his partner knows him. May his partner teem up with one from the street to testify about him? Rebbi Ze`ira, Rav Huna in the name of Rav: he and another cannot team up about the signature of the second witness. This is needed in case there were two, one whose signature everybody knows and one whom nobody knows, except that his partner knows him. May his partner be like anybody from the street to testify about him? In that case the entire testimony is confirmed by one witness. Rebbi Yudan said, this is correct. For example, two who came from a town most of whose inhabitants are Gentiles, like Hippos. One of whom everybody knows that he is Jewish and one whom nobody knows, except that his partner knows him. May his partner be like one from the street to testify about him? If you are saying yes, the entire testimony is confirmed by one witness. Also here the entire testimony is confirmed by one witness.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:3

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:5

May one witness be believed? It is different here since one cannot control him; should we not worry and say, by the time somebody climbs up and goes out it will shine? The matter can be verified. If one witness says, this male was born on a Sabbath, one circumcises him on his word. It is dark at the end of the Sabbath, one carries (him) on his word. Rebbi Immi was carrying on the result of elapsed time. Rebbi Mattaniah was carrying on the saying of the moon shining. Rebbi Immi was circumcising on the saying of women, the sun was over Hippos.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:5

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:6

May people who know those who know him desecrate the Sabbath for him? Let us hear from the following: “[Rebbi] Noharai (here) <ben> Shanai said, it happened that I descended to Usha to testify for one witness. They did not need me but I looked for a pretext to see my colleagues.”

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:7

What spoiling was there? Because they were saying, Pentecost is after the Sabbath; one always was going out in the evening on the presumption that it would be sanctified. Then for Nisan they should not accept, for the other months they should accept. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, the main spoiling was in Adar. Then if it conforms with ours they should accept, if it does not conform with ours they should not accept. One because of the other. “It happened that the Boethusian hired two false witnesses to testify on the new moon that it be sanctified. The first came, delivered his testimony, and left. The other one said, I was climbing Maaleh Adumim when I saw it lying down between two rocks, its head resembling a calf, its ears resembling a kid goat. Is saw it, was taken aback, and stepped backward, and there were 200 denar tied in my money belt. They told him, the 200 denar are given to you as a gift, but those who sent you should come and be flogged. Why did you put yourself in this questionable situation? He said to them, I saw them trying to trip up the Sages. I said, it is better that I should go and inform the Sages.”

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:7

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:8

And what spoiling was there? These were kindling this day and those were kindling the next day; they were thinking that the Court was reconsidering and were spoiled. Who disestablished the beacons? Rebbi disestablished the beacons, and permitted the murderer, and permitted hearsay, and permitted that one was departing in the evening trusting that it would be sanctified. Rebbi Abbahu said, even though you are saying that the beacons were disestablished, they were not disestablished from the Sea of Galilee. Rebbi Ze`ira asked before Rebbi Abbahu, should those who see Safed light a beacon? He said to him, Rebbi disestablished the beacons. Why would Safed light a beacon? To communicate that they know. One does not light a beacon in the night of its regular time, but in the night of its extension. In the night of its regular time one cannot kindle because of the holiday, but one kindles in the night of its extension. One kindles only for months settled on time because of a holiday which might fall on a Friday. In the night of its regular time one cannot kindle because of the holiday, in the night of its extension one cannot kindle because of the honor of the Sabbath. For if you are saying, one kindles both for months settled on time [and for months not settled on time]; if you are saying this, they will say that maybe the Court was reconsidering and would be spoiled.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:8

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:10

HALAKHAH: What is oil wood? דדנין. Rebbi Jonah said, like maqazna.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:11

Rebbi Ze`ura said, that they should not think it was a star. Rebbi Yose said, did we see a star going up and down? Did we see a star going to and fro?

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:11

Rebbi Ze`ura said, that they should not think it was a star. Rebbi Yose said, did we see a star going up and down? Did we see a star going to and fro?

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:15

“Originally they did not move from there the entire day.” They changed and made them like a vessel which was brought from outside the Sabbath domain after nightfall which one is permitted to move within four cubits. They changed and made them like vessels which started Sabbath in a courtyard which one is permitted to move within the courtyard, until the elder Rabban Gamliel came and instituted that they could walk 2’000 cubits in every direction. It was stated, this also applies to one who comes to circumcise a baby. The baraita follows Rebbi Eliezer, since we have stated there, “in addition, Rebbi Eliezar said, one cuts down trees to make charcoal to make iron.”

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:15

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:17

HALAKHAH: Rebbi Joḥanan said, even the most error-prone person would not err in this matter, before the sun, after the sun? It only is needed for its concavity; the concavity towards the sun, or the concavity away from the sun? Bar Qappara stated both: Before the sun or behind the sun, the concavity towards the sun or the concavity away from the sun? Rebbi Joḥanan said, it is written: Rule and fear are with Him, Who makes peace in His heights. During the existence of the sun it never saw the defect of the moon.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:17

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:18

Rebbi Simeon ben Yoḥai stated: Since the sky is made of water and the stars of fire and they dwell one with the other without damaging one another, therefore He makes peace in His heights. Rebbi Abun said, the angel himself is half water and half fire and composed of five kinds: His body is like chrysolite, and his face like the looks of lightning, and his eyes like torches of fire, etc. Rebbi Levi said, a constellation never sees what precedes it; but all of them rise like those who rise on an inverted ladder. The Holy One, praise to Him, created 365 windows for use in the world, 182 in the East, 182 in the West, and one in the middle of the sky from where it appeared first at the creation. What the sun covers in thirty days, the moon covers in two and a half days. What the sun covers in two months, the moon covers in five days. What the sun covers in three months, the moon covers in seven and a half days. What the sun covers in six months, the moon covers in fifteen days. What the sun covers in twelve months, the moon covers in thirty. Rebbi Jonah said, this is not the measure; it could be less than this.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:18

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:19

It was stated: If it was seen in a glass or in the water one may not testify about it. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, if one saw it exiting from one cloud and entering another cloud one testifies about it. As the following. Rebbi Ḥanina went to Eintab to be counted and the air was cloudy. He said, now they will say, how bad is the air for this elder. The Holy, praise to Him, drilled for him like a sieve and it was seen through it. The elder Rebbi Ḥiyya went by the light of the old one four mil. Rebbi Abun threw pebbles on it and told it, do not frighten your master’s children; in the evening we need that you be seen on that side and you are seen from this side. Immediately it disappeared from before him.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:19

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:24

MISHNAH: The president of the Court says, sanctified, and all people repeat after him, sanctified, sanctified. One sanctifies it whether it was seen in its time or not seen in its time. Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Sadoq says, if it was not seen in its time one does not sanctify it since Heaven already sanctified it.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:24

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:25

HALAKHAH: Rebbi Simeon ben Yoḥai stated: You shall sanctify the Fiftieth Year. You shall sanctify years, [but] one does not sanctfy months. But did we not state: “The president of the court says: sanctified”? What means sanctified? Confirmed. It was stated: For sanctifying months one starts with the most senior person. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ada said, the Mishnah says this: “The president of the Court says: sanctified.” It was stated, for intercalation of the year one starts from the side. Rebbi Zebida said, but this lower house do not proceed in this way, for they did not hear what Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Marius and Rebbi Jonah, Rebbi Abba, Rebbi Ḥiyya said in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: For lengthening the month one starts with the most senior person, for intercalating the year one starts from the side. When Rebbi Joḥanan was participating as the most junior person, they told him, say: “this year is sanctified in its intercalation.” He said, “this year is sanctified in intercalation.” Rebbi Jonathan said, look at the language which the smith’s son taught us. If he had said, “in its intercalation,” I would have said that this refers to the eleven days by which the solar year exceeds the lunar one, but “in intercalation”, that the Sages added thirty days to it [and intercalated it.] Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, Rebbi Yasa in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: For intercalation one follows the date of ordination. In the Academy one follows usage; each one gives his opinion at his place and sums up. For example, Rebbi Ḥanina started, Rebbi Joḥanan and Rebbi Simeon ben Laqisch summed up. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda started, Rebbi Ḥiyya, Rebbi Yasa and Rebbi Immi summed up. Rebbi Ḥaggai started, Rebbi Jonah and Rebbi Yose summed up. Rebbi Cahana was ordained before Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, but Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa participated in intercalation before Rebbi Cahana was invited. He said, the person who formulated the tradition does not respect it for himself.

Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah 2:25