My LORD’s BibleMishnah Makhshirin 5
1One who immersed himself in a river and then there was in front of him another river and he crossed it, the second [water] purifies the first [water]. If his fellow pushed him in during exercise or his beast [pushed him in], the second [water] purifies the first [water]. But if [he did it] out of playfulness, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’.
מִי שֶׁטָּבַל בַּנָּהָר, וְהָיָה לְפָנָיו נָהָר אַחֵר וְעָבַר בּוֹ, טִהֲרוּ שְׁנִיִּים אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים. דָּחָהוּ חֲבֵרוֹ לְשָׁכְרוֹ, וְכֵן לִבְהֶמְתּוֹ, טִהֲרוּ שְׁנִיִּים אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים. וְאִם כִּמְשַׂחֵק עִמּוֹ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן: (7590)
2One who swam in water, the water that splashed out does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if it was his intention to splash his friend, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one made a ‘bird’ in the water, neither [the water] that splashed out nor what remained in it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’.
הַשָּׁט עַל פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם, הַנִּתָּזִין, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וְאִם נִתְכַּוֵּן לְהַתִּיז עַל חֲבֵרוֹ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן. הָעוֹשֶׂה צִפּוֹר בַּמַּיִם, הַנִּתָּזִין וְאֶת שֶׁבָּהּ, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן: (6527)
3Produce onto which a leak [from a roof] fell and he mixed it up in order that it might become dry [quickly]: Rabbi Shimon says: it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. But the sages say: it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’.
פֵּרוֹת שֶׁיָּרַד הַדֶּלֶף לְתוֹכָן וּבְלָלָן שֶׁיְּנֻגְּבוּ, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן: (4755)
4One who measures a cistern whether for its depth of for its breadth, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put' the words of Rabbi Tarfon. But Rabbi Akiva says: if [it was measured] for its depth, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; but if for its breadth, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’.
הַמּוֹדֵד אֶת הַבּוֹר בֵּין לְעָמְקוֹ בֵּין לְרָחְבּוֹ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, לְעָמְקוֹ, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וּלְרָחְבּוֹ, אֵינוֹ בְכִי יֻתַּן: (4972)
5If one put his hand or his foot or a reed into a cistern in order to check whether it had any water, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if to ascertain how much water it had, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one threw a stone into a cistern to check whether it had any water, [the water] that was splashed up does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’, and also [the water] that is on the stone is clean.
פָּשַׁט יָדוֹ אוֹ רַגְלוֹ אוֹ קָנֶה לְבוֹר לֵידַע אִם יֶשׁ בּוֹ מַיִם, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. לֵידַע כַּמָּה מַיִם יֶשׁ בּוֹ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן. זָרַק אֶבֶן לְבוֹר לֵידַע אִם יֶשׁ בּוֹ מַיִם, הַנִּתָּזִין, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וְאֶת שֶׁבָּאֶבֶן, טְהוֹרִים: (6845)
6One beats upon a hide: If outside the water, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; Inside the water, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Yose says: even inside the water it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’, because his intention was that the water should come off together with the filth.
הַחוֹבֵט עַל הַשֶּׁלַח, חוּץ לַמַּיִם, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. לְתוֹךְ הַמַּיִם, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אַף לְתוֹךְ הַמַּיִם בְּכִי יֻתַּן, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מִתְכַּוֵּן שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ עִם הַצּוֹאָה: (5644)
7The water that comes up into a ship or into the bilge or on the oars does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. The water that comes up in snares, nets, or in fishing nets does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if he shook them out it does come under the law of ‘if water be put’. One who leads a ship out into the Great Sea in order to forge its bolts, or one who takes a nail out into the rain in order to forge it, or one who puts a brand out in the rain in order to extinguish it, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’.
הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין בַּסְּפִינָה וּבָעֵקֶל וּבַמְּשׁוֹטוֹת, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. בַּמְּצוֹדוֹת וּבָרְשָׁתוֹת וּבַמִּכְמָרוֹת, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וְאִם נִעֵר, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. הַמּוֹלִיךְ אֶת הַסְּפִינָה לַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל לְצָרְפָהּ, הַמּוֹצִיא מַסְמֵר לַגְּשָׁמִים לְצָרְפוֹ, הַמַּנִּיחַ אֶת הָאוּד בַּגְּשָׁמִים לְכַבּוֹתוֹ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן: (10775)
9A flow pouring [from one vessel to another] is clean, except [the flow] of honey of ziphim bees and honey batter. Bet Shammai say: also [the flow of] thick pottage of split beans, because it thickens up backwards.
כָּל הַנִּצּוֹק, טָהוֹר, חוּץ מִדְּבַשׁ הַזִּיפִין, וְהַצַּפָּחַת. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אַף הַמִּקְפָּה שֶׁל גְּרִיסִין וְשֶׁל פּוֹל, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא סוֹלֶדֶת לְאַחֲרֶיהָ: (5458)
10One who pours hot water into hot water, or cold water into cold water, or hot water [poured] into cold water remains clean; But from cold water into hot water, the [cold water] becomes unclean. Rabbi Shimon says: even in the case of hot water poured into hot water it becomes unclean if the strength of the heat of the lower [water] is greater than that of the upper [water].
הַמְעָרֶה מֵחַם לְחַם, וּמִצּוֹנֵן לְצוֹנֵן, וּמֵחַם לְצוֹנֵן, טָהוֹר. מִצּוֹנֵן לְחַם, טָמֵא. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אַף הַמְעָרֶה מֵחַם לְחַם וְכֹחוֹ שֶׁל תַּחְתּוֹן יָפֶה מִשֶּׁל עֶלְיוֹן, טָמֵא: (5265)
11If a woman whose hands were clean stirred an unclean pot and her hands perspired, they become unclean. If her hands were unclean and she stirred a clean pot and her hands perspired the pot becomes unclean. Rabbi Yose says: only if her hands dripped. One who weighs grapes with a balance, the wine in the scale is clean until it is poured into a vessel. Behold, this is like baskets of olives and grapes when they are dripping [with sap].
הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁהָיוּ יָדֶיהָ טְהוֹרוֹת, וּמְגִיסָה בִקְדֵרָה טְמֵאָה, אִם הִזִּיעוּ יָדֶיהָ, טְמֵאוֹת. הָיוּ יָדֶיהָ טְמֵאוֹת, וּמְגִיסָה בִקְדֵרָה טְהוֹרָה, אִם הִזִּיעוּ יָדֶיהָ, הַקְּדֵרָה טְמֵאָה. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אִם נָטְפוּ. הַשּׁוֹקֵל עֲנָבִים בְּכַף מֹאזְנַיִם, הַיַּיִן שֶׁבַּכַּף, טָהוֹר, עַד שֶׁיְּעָרֶה לְתוֹךְ הַכְּלִי. הֲרֵי זֶה דוֹמֶה לְסַלֵּי זֵיתִים וַעֲנָבִים כְּשֶׁהֵן מְנַטְּפִין: (9246)
English translation: Joshua Kulp, Mishnah Yomit (Conservative Yeshiva), via Sefaria, licensed CC BY; changes made (line breaks, spacing, a typo, and Kulp's study notes removed from five mishnayot). Hebrew: Torat Emet 357, public domain; Bikkurim chapter 4 from Dan Be'eri's edition of the Kaufmann manuscript, public domain.